Kamis, 29 April 2021

Historical timeline - Roller skating

The earliest roller skates known are from 18th century Europe. These skates were used in theater and musical performances, possibly to simulate ice skating onstage. Early roller skating was done in a straight line because turning or curving was very difficult with the primitive skate designs of the time. Until the 1840s roller skates were occasionally used for stage productions and some outdoor exhibitions, but there was no widespread use.Waitresses in an 1840s beer hall in Berlin used roller skates to serve customers. Ballet and opera of the late 1840s, such as Le prophète, featured roller skating. This helped to make roller skating popular for the first time, in 1850s Europe. Technological improvements helped as well, such as rubber wheels in 1859 and four-wheeled turning skates in 1863.[1]:9–13 The popularity of roller skating has fluctuated greatly since then; it is typically called a "craze" at its high points.

 

Roller skating boomed in popularity from 1880 to 1910; roller skates were mass produced and skating in rinks became popular with the general public in Europe, North and South America, and Australia.[5][1]:25 Specialized types of roller skating appeared in this period, such as figure skating and speed skating. After a decline in popularity, roller skating became widespread again in the 1930s to the 1950s. This era is known as the golden age of roller skating. Many skating rinks offering electric organ music were built throughout the United States in this period.[1]:89–91

In the 1970s, roller disco became widespread. This style of skating originated with disco music predominantly among Black and gay skaters.[6] During the late 1980s and the 1990s, outdoor and indoor inline skating (with "rollerblades") became popular. Roller skating declined in popularity in the early 21st century, but became more popular again during the COVID pandemic.[7][3]Roller skating has long been tied to Black American social movements, immigrant communities, and the LGBT community, particularly for women in roller derby. As a hobby it is perceived as whimsical and is widely accessible.[8]

 

Historical timeline

  • 1743: First recorded use of roller skates, in a London stage performance. The inventor of this skate is unknown.
  • 1760: First recorded skate invention, by John Joseph Merlin, who created a primitive inline skate with small metal wheels.
  • 1818: Roller skates appeared on the ballet stage in Berlin.[9]
  • 1819: First patented roller skate design, in France by M. Petitbled. These early skates were similar to today's inline skates, but they were not very maneuverable. It was difficult with these skates to do anything but move in a straight line and perhaps make wide sweeping turns.
  • Rest of the 19th century: inventors continued to work on improving skate design.
  • 1876: The toe stop was first patented. This provided skaters with the ability to stop promptly upon tipping the skate onto the toe. Toe stops are still used today on most quad skates and on some types of inline skates.
  • 1877: The Royal Skating indoor skating ring building is erected rue Veydt, Brussels.[14]
  • 1880s: Roller skates were being mass-produced in America from then. This was the sport's first of several boom periods. Micajah C. Henley of Richmond, Indiana produced thousands of skates every week during peak sales. Henley skates were the first skate with adjustable tension via a screw, the ancestor of the kingbolt mechanism on modern quad skates.
  • 1884: Levant M. Richardson received a patent for the use of steel ball bearings in skate wheels to reduce friction, allowing skaters to increase speed with minimum effort.
  • 1898: Richardson started the Richardson Ball Bearing and Skate Company, which provided skates to most professional skate racers of the time, including Harley Davidson (no relation to the Harley-Davidson motorcycle brand).[1] 
  • The design of the quad skate has remained essentially unchanged since then, and remained as the dominant roller skate design until nearly the end of the 20th century. The quad skate has begun to make a comeback recently due to the popularity of roller derby and jam skating.
  • 1900: The Peck & Snyder Company patented an inline skate with two wheels.[15]
  • 1902: The Chicago Coliseum opened a public skating rink. Over 7,000 people attended the opening night.[11]
  • 1935: The Chicago Coliseum hosts the first Transcontinental Roller Derby with a pair of men and women and Chicago becomes the birthplace of roller derby.[16]
  • 1937: Roller skating the sport was organized nationally by the Roller Skate Rink Owner's Association and the onset of roller skating's golden age[17]
  • 1977: Inline skates looking like ice skates were used by DEFA, the East German state film studio, in the film "Die zertanzten Schuhe", based on the fairy tale The Twelve Dancing Princesses, in some winter scenes on a frozen lake.
  • 1979: Scott Olson and Brennan Olson of Minneapolis, Minnesota came across a pair of inline skates created in the 1960s by the Chicago Roller Skate Company and, seeing the potential for off-ice hockey training, set about redesigning the skates using modern materials and attaching ice hockey boots. A few years later Scott Olson began heavily promoting the skates and launched the company Rollerblade, Inc..
  • 1983 President Ronald Reagan declared October National Roller Skating Month.
  • 1993 - Active Brake Technology, Rollerblade, Inc. developed ABT or Active Brake Technology for increased safety

 Source Article : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller_skating

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